feat(CORE): docker permissions and rework (#13454)

- fix docker permissions with mounted volumes on new docker versions (https://github.com/docker/desktop-linux/issues/31)
- fix ac-tools image
- cleanup unused env
- add  `cap_add: SYS_NICE` to allow setting process high priority
- fix ccache in docker
- allow to switch between root user (default) to acore user in any container
- fix cache of the downloaded client data
- split docker github actions in 2 parts
- versioning mysql images
- performance improvements

.devcontainer/devcontainer.json

@@ -49,5 +49,5 @@
   // "postCreateCommand": "apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl",
 
   // Uncomment to connect as a non-root user if you've added one. See https://aka.ms/vscode-remote/containers/non-root.
-  "remoteUser": "acore"
+  "remoteUser": "root"
 }